The relevance of the problem of the pathogenesis of a bacterial infectious disease affecting both parenchyma and interstitial structures in a given organ is beyond doubt. This relevance is related to the frequency, diagnosis, and follow-up of disease processes, the correct choice of therapeutic behavior, and the prevention of the disease itself, and, which is of particular importance, the consequences of its complications. In this regard, the current monographic work "Tubulo-interstitial bacterial nephritis - pathogenesis and laboratory" authored by Dr. Stoyanka Tancheva d.m. provides the medical community with an up-to-date reading of one of the most common and medically historically longest-studied human diseases.
Nephrologists, urologists, pediatricians, obstetricians, general practitioners, and patients themselves are well aware of the insidious, largely asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic onset of tubulointerstitial bacterial nephritis, which is why the problem is underestimated or missed.
CONTENTS
| ABBREVIATIONS | 5 |
| PREFACE | 12 |
| PRESENTATION OF TUBULO INTERSTITIAL BACTERIAL Nephritis | 15 |
| PROBLEM HISTORY | 15 |
| ROUTES TO REACH THE KIDNEY INTERSTITIUM | 21 |
| PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF LABORATORY FINDINGS IN TIBN | 33 |
| BACTERIAL INVASION IN TIBN- conditions, agents, mechanism, complications | 33 |
| PROTECTION MECHANISMS BY THE HOST | 40 |
| EXPLORING TIBN THROUGH THE POSSIBILITIES OF TISSUE MICROBIOLOGY | 55 |
| TIBN'S IMMUNOLOGY | 82 |
| COMPLICATIONS IN ACUTE TIBN | 96 |
| LABORATORY ANALYSIS AND MODERN GUIDELINES OF INTERPRETATION | 98 |
| ON the active TIBN | |
| * BACTERIA IN URINE- etiology, pathogenesis, laboratory | 98 |
| * LEUKOCYTES IN THE URINE - etiology, pathogenesis, laboratory | 107 |
| – Evidence of leukocyturia with dry tests | 115 |
| – Demonstration of leukocyturia in urine sediment by visual-optical microscopy | 117 |
| - Evidence of leukocyturia in urine sediment by
phase contrast microscopy |
118 |
| – Cytochemical analysis of leukocyturia in urine sediment | 120 |
| -New types of microscopes | 121 |
| * PROTEIN MARKERS IN THE URINE - etiology, pathogenesis, laboratory | 126 |
| -Urine protein analysis methods | 126 |
| – Pathogenesis of proteinuria in active tubulointerstitial bacterial nephritis (aTIBN) | 128 |
| – Protein markers for early detection of tubular proteinuria | 141 |
| – Laboratory of proteinuria | 143 |
| * European recommendations for proteinuria quantification and clinical interpretation | 146 |
| ADDITIONAL RESEARCH at TIBN | 151 |
| Enzymes in the urine in active TIBN | 151 |
| Urine cylinders | 151 |
| Urine osmolality in aTIBN | 153 |
| Tubulo-interstitial bacterial nephritis and electrolyte excretion | 156 |
| Urine acidity in aTIBN | 156 |
| Laboratory indicators of blood in aTIBN | 157 |
| European recommendations for urine testing: | 161 |
| Knowledge and application of basic methodological rules for urinalysis – EU Guidelines 2000 | 161 |
| Proper preparation of the patient | 162 |
| Correct urine collection (types of urine samples) | 163 |
| Standardized urinalysis-urinalysis | 165 |
| Using the right microscope | 166 |
| Correct description of the sediment (of all elements according to the correct nomenclature) | 167 |
| Knowledge of the elements of urine sediment and their clinical significance | 168 |
| FEATURES OF TIBN PRI: | 174 |
| Urinary tract infections and negative uroculture | |
| Urinary tract infections in transplant patients: | 182 |
| Urinary tract infections in pregnant women: | 184 |
| Urinary tract infections in catheter patients | 189 |
| TIBN – for nosocomial infections | 190 |
| Urinary tract infections in children | 192 |
| NEW APPROACHES TO THE TREATMENT OF UTI-s | 199 |
| SUMMARY | 207 |
