Internal Diseases
CONTENTS
CHAPTER I
PULMONOLOGY
THE MOST IMPORTANT SYMPTOMS OF PULMONARY DISEASES
OBJECTIVE EXAMINATION
DIAGNOSTIC METHODS
PNEUMONIA
SUPPURATIVE LUNG DISEASE
OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASES
RESPIRATORY FAILURE
PULMONARY CARCINOMA
PLEURAL EFFUSIONS
SARCOIDOSIS
PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
CHAPTER II
CARDIOLOGY
EXAMINATION OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
HEART FAILURE
RHYTHM AND CONDUCTION DISORDERS
CHRONIC PULMONARY HEART
PULMONARY THROMBOEMBOLISM
RHEUMATISM
INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS
ACQUIRED HEART DESEASES
AORTIC VALVE DESEASES
ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE
STABLE ANGINA
UNSTABLE ANGINA
MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
CARDIOMYOPATHIS
MYOCARDITIS
PERICARDIAL DISEASES
DISEASES OF THE AORTA
ATHEROSCLEROSIS
CONGENITAL HEART DISESES IN ADULTS
CHAPTER III
GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
DISEASES OF THE STOMACH
DISEASES OF THE SMALL INTESTIN
DISEASES OF THE COLON AND RECTUM
LIVER DISEASES
DISEASES OF THE BILIARY SYSTEM
DISEASES OF THE PANCREAS
CHAPTER IV
NEPHROLOGY
ANATOMICAL NOTES, PHYSICAL AND LABORATORY EXAMINATIONS
KIDNEY BIOPSY
SYMPTOMS AND SYNDROMES RELATED TO KIDNEY DISEASES
PRIMARY GLOMERULAR DISEASES. CLASSIFICATION, ETIOLOGY,PATHOGENESIS
ACUTE POSTREPTOCOCCAL GLOMERULONEPHRITIS
RAPIDLY PROGRESSING GLOMERULONEPHRITIS
CHRONIC GLOMERULONEPHRITIS. PODOCYTOPATHY. IDIOPATHIC
NEPHROTIC SYNDROME
GLOMERULONEPHRITIS WITH MINIMAL CHANGES
IgM NEPHROPATHY
FOCAL-SEGMENTAL GLOMERULOSCLEROSIS
MEMBRANOUS GLOMERULONEPHRITIS
MEMBRANOPROLIFERATIVE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS AND C3
NEPHROPATHIES
IMMUNOGLOBULIN A NEPHROPATHY (BERGER’S DISEASE)
SECONDARY SATELLITE GLOMERULOPATHIES. KIDNEY DAMAGE IN SYSTEMIC VASCULITIS
KIDNEY DAMAGE IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS (SEL)
KIDNEY DAMAGES IN DIABETES MELLITUS
KIDNEY DAMAGE IN AMYLOIDOSIS
GOUTY NEPHROPATHY
URINARY INFECTIONS
ACUTE INTERSTITIAL HYPERSENSITIVE NEFRITIS
CHRONIC INTERSTITIAL NEPHRITIS
CONGENITAL AND HERITABLE DISEASES OF THE KIDNEYS. AUTOSOMALDOMINANT KIDNEY. POLYCYSTOSIS
CONGENITAL AND HEREDITARY DISEASES OF THE KIDNEYS. ALPORT SYNDROME. FABRI SYNDROME. THIN MEMBRANE DISEASE
KIDNEY STONE DISEASE. NEPHROCALCINOSIS
ACUTE KIDNEY INGURY (AKI)
CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE (CKD). KIDNEY FAILURE
EXTRA-KIDNEY METHODS OF CLEANSING THE BLOOD
KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION
CHAPTER V
ENDOCRINOLOGY
DISEASES OF THE GLANDS WITH INTERNAL SECRETION
INTRODUCTION
HYPOTALAMUS AND PITUITARY GLAND
THYROID GLAND
PARATHYROID GLANDS
ENDOCRINE PANCREAS
ADRENAL GLANDS
MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
DISEASES OF THE HYPOTHALAMUS AND PITUITARY GLAND
DISEASES OF THE THYROID GLAND
DISEASES OF THE PARATHYTIC GLANDS
DISEASES OF THE ENDOCRINE PANCREAS
DISEASES OF THE ADRENAL GLANDS
ENDOCRINE DISORDERS IN THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
ENDOCRINE DISORDERS IN THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
AUTOIMMUNE POLYGLANDULAR SYNDROMES
MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA
CHAPTER VI
HEMATOLOGY
BASIC DATA ON HEMATOPOIESIS
EXAMINATION OF A PATIENT WITH HEMATOLOGICAL DISEASE DISEASES OF ERYTHROPOIESIS
IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA
ANEMIA IN CHRONIC DISEASES (ACD)
MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA
FOLATE DEFICIENCY ANEMIA
BONE MARROW FAILURE HYPO- AND APLASTIC ANEMIA
HEMOLYTIC ANEMIAS. CLASSIFICATION
CONGENITAL HEMOLYTIC ANEMIAS – MEMBRANOPATHIES
CONGENITAL HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA – ENZYMOPATHIES
CONGENITAL HEMOLYTIC ANEMIAS – HEMOGLOBINOSIS
CONGENITAL HEMOLYTIC ANEMIAS – THALASEMIA
ACQUIRED HEMOLYTIC ANEMIAS. ISOMIMMUNE HEMOLYTIC ANEMIAS
MICROANGIOPATHIC HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA
MALIGNANT DISEASES OF THE BLOOD AND THE BLOOD-FORMING ORGANS
ACUTE MYELOPROLIFERATIVE DISEASES
MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES
CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA – PH (+)
POLYCYTHAEMIA VERA
ESSENTIAL THROMBOCYTEMIA
OSTEOMYELOFIBROSIS. PRIMARY MYELOPHIBROSIS
LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE NEOPLASMS – BASIC DATA
HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMA (MORBUS HODGKIN)
NON-HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMAS – BASIC DATA
ACUTE HIGHLY AGGRESSIVE LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE NEOPLASMS
DIFFUSE LARGE B-CELL LYMPHOMA (DLBCL)
MANTLE CELL LYMPHOMA
INDOLENT NON-HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMAS CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA
FOLLICULAR NON-HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMA
MARGINAL ZONE LYMPHOMA. EXTRANODAL LYMPHOMAS OF MUCOSAASSOCIATED
LYMPHOID TISSUE
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF LYMPHADENO – AND SPLENOMEGALIA
DISEASES OF THE PLASMOCYTIC SERIES. MONOCLONAL
PARAPROTEINEMIA (GAMAPATHIES)
MULTIPLE MYELOMA (MYELOMA MULTIPLEX)
LIGHT CHAIN DEPOSITION DISEASE (LCDD)
AL-AMYLOIDOSIS
HEMOPOETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION
COAGULATION AND BLEEDING DISORDERS
DISEASES OF THE PLATELET SERIES
DISEASES WITH IMPAIRED PLATELET FUNCTIONS. CONGENITAL AND
ACQUIRED THROMBOCYTOPATHIES
CONGENITAL COAGULOPATHIES
INHIBITORY HEMOPHILIA
WILLEBRAND’S DISEASE (Morbus von Willebrand)
VASOPATHY
DISSEMINATED INTRAVASAL COAGULATION (DIC)
PRIMARY ACTIVATED FIBRINOLYSIS
CHAPTER VII
RHEUMATOLOGY
EXAMINATION OF PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATIC DISEASES
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS (POLYARTHRITIS RHEUMATOIDES)
ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS (SPONDYLITIS ANKYLOSANS)
PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS (ARTHRITIS PSORIATICA)
GOUT. GOUTY ARTHRITIS (PODAGRA, ARTHRITIS URICA)
OSTEOARTHRITIS (OA)
SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS (LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS SYSTEMICUS)
PROGRESSIVE SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS
AUTOIMMUNE MYOSITES
SJOGREN SYNDROME
BEHCET’S DISEASE
RHEUMATIC POLYMYALGIA
GIANT CELL ARTERIITIS
SYSTEMIC VASCULITIDES
FIBROMYALGIA
OSTEOPOROSIS
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„Internal Diseases“ is an essential medical textbook designed to provide comprehensive knowledge and understanding of various internal medical conditions. Authored by leading experts in internal medicine, this textbook serves as a fundamental resource for medical students, residents, and practicing physicians aiming to deepen their understanding of internal diseases.
The textbook begins with foundational concepts in internal medicine, covering basic principles of pathophysiology, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic interventions. It then delves into detailed discussions on a wide range of internal diseases affecting different organ systems, including the cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, endocrine, renal, and hematologic systems.
Each chapter in the textbook focuses on a specific internal disease or group of related conditions. It explores the etiology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, and treatment modalities associated with each disease entity. Detailed explanations of pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the diseases help readers grasp the physiological disruptions occurring within the body.
The diagnostic aspect of internal diseases is thoroughly addressed, encompassing various diagnostic methods such as medical history assessment, physical examination, laboratory tests, imaging studies, and advanced diagnostic procedures. Clinical case studies and illustrative diagrams aid in the practical application of diagnostic principles, enhancing the reader’s ability to recognize and interpret clinical findings accurately.
Treatment strategies for internal diseases are extensively discussed, incorporating both pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches. Evidence-based guidelines and algorithms assist clinicians in making informed decisions regarding patient management. Special emphasis is placed on personalized treatment plans tailored to individual patient needs, taking into account factors such as comorbidities, age, and lifestyle.
The textbook also covers preventive measures and strategies for promoting overall health and well-being, emphasizing the importance of lifestyle modifications, preventive screenings, and immunizations in reducing the risk of internal diseases. Additionally, it addresses the concept of integrated healthcare delivery, highlighting the significance of multidisciplinary collaboration in managing complex medical conditions.
Throughout the textbook, emphasis is placed on the holistic approach to patient care, considering not only the physical aspects of disease but also the psychosocial and ethical dimensions. Patient-centered care principles are emphasized, encouraging empathy, communication skills, and cultural competence among healthcare providers.
With its comprehensive coverage, clear explanations, and practical insights, „Internal Diseases“ serves as an indispensable resource for medical education and clinical practice. Whether used for self-study, classroom instruction, or reference in clinical settings, this textbook equips healthcare professionals with the knowledge and skills necessary for effectively diagnosing, treating, and managing internal diseases in diverse patient populations.
