Hygiene and Ecology

Textbook and Practice Guide for Pharmacy Students

CONTENTS

FUNDAMENTALS OF HYGIENE SCIENCE

1. Hygiene as the main prophylactic science - P. Gatseva

1.1. Subject, purpose, tasks, methods of hygiene

1.2. Hygiene disciplines. Relation of hygiene to other medical and non-medical sciences

1.3. Need for preventive thinking and hygiene knowledge of the pharmacist

1.4. Modern hygiene and environmental problems

1.5. Organization for protection and control of public health in Bulgaria

COMMUNAL HYGIENE

2. Ambient air hygiene -P. Gatseva

2.1 Atmosphere – structure, composition and meaning. Hygienic significance of the chemical composition of atmospheric air

2.2. Sources of atmospheric air pollution

2.3. Impact of atmospheric pollution on health. Measures for health protection of the atmosphere

2.4. Physical factors of the atmosphere and their health significance

2.5. Hygienic importance of climate and types of weather. Climate prevention and climate treatment.

3. Water hygiene – P. Gatseva

3.1. Health importance of water

3.2. Health requirements for drinking water

3.3. Drinking water supply

3.4. Purification and disinfection of drinking water

3.5. Sources of pollution of water intakes

3.6. Sanitary protection of water sources

4. Soil hygiene. Cleaning of populated areas from waste - P. Gatseva

4.1. Structure and qualities of the soil

4.2. Chemical composition and soil pollution

4.3. Soil microorganisms and parasites

4.4. Indicators for soil health assessment

4.5. Clearing settlements of solid waste

4.6. Cleaning of settlements from liquid waste

5. Hygiene of settlements. Urbanization. Hygiene of the residence

5.1. City-forming factors - P. Gatseva

5.2. Health requirements for the terrain and territory of the settlement - P. Gatseva

5.3. Zoning of the territory of the settlement (residential, production areas, for recreational activities, landscaped areas) – P. Gatseva, A. Dzhambov

5.4. Device of the street network - P. Gatseva

5.5. Noise in populated areas - P. Gatseva

5.6. Urbanization - P. Gatseva

5.7. Home hygiene - P. Gatseva

FOOD, NUTRITION AND HEALTH

1. Subject, tasks and goals of nutrition science - P. Gatseva

2. Nutrients - meaning, sources, needs - P. Gatseva, R. Vasileva-Zhelyazkova, V. Atanasova

3. Food contamination - prevention - P. Gatseva

4. Healthy nutrition - general principles - P. Gatseva

5. Therapeutic nutrition - general principles and therapeutic diets - P. Gatseva

6. Foodborne diseases due to biological and chemical contamination of food – P. Gatseva, V. Atanasova, R. Vasileva-Zhelyazkova

6.1. Diseases due to biological contamination of food

6.2. Diseases from chemically contaminated food

7. Nutritional prevention of some widespread socially significant diseases. Interaction between food and drugs - P. Gatseva

7.1. Nutritional prevention of cardiovascular diseases

7.2. Nutritional prevention of diabetes

7.3. Nutritional prevention of oxidative stress

7.4. Nutritional prevention of obesity

7.5. Nutritional prevention of cancer

7.6. Nutritional prevention of osteoporosis

7.7. Nutritional prevention of dental caries

7.8. Food and Drug Interactions

OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE

1. Occupational hygiene - subject, purpose, tasks, methods. Forms of labor activity. Modern problems related to work. Classification of industrial hazards - P. Gatseva

2. Industrial poisons. Main toxicological hazards in pharmacies and pharmaceutical production - P. Gatseva

3. Psychophysiological and ergonomic assessment of the work of workers in pharmaceutical enterprises and pharmacies - P. Gatseva, St. Harizanova

4. Changes in the body during work. Ability to work, tiredness, fatigue. Fatigue factors. Occupational diseases. Basic principles for the prevention of occupational diseases - P. Gatseva, St. Harizanova

5. General hygiene requirements for chemical and pharmaceutical enterprises. – P. Gatseva

6. Occupational hygiene in individual branches of pharmaceutical production - P. Gatseva

6.1. Occupational hygiene in chemical-pharmaceutical synthesis enterprises

6.2. Occupational hygiene in galena production (Biological / natural / extraction)

6.3. Occupational hygiene in the production of antibiotics

6.4. Occupational hygiene in the production of finished medicinal forms..112

7. Health requirements for pharmacies and drugstores. Health control over medicinal products - P. Gatseva, V. Atanasova

HYGIENE OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

1. Actual problems of hygiene of children and adolescents. Study load. Prevention of fatigue and overwork at school age - P. Gatseva

GUIDE TO PRACTICAL EXERCISES

1. Hygienic characteristics, research methods and health assessment of the microclimate - V. Atanasova

2. Methods for evaluating the complex action of the microclimate - R. Vasileva

3. Requirements for sound comfort, measurement and assessment of noise levels - P. Gatseva, A. Dzhambov

4. Hygienic assessment of lighting – E. Toseva

5. Hygienic assessment of some chemical pollutants in the atmosphere. Methods for evaluating their impact on the body. Methods for testing dust, lead and mercury aerosols, carbon mono- and dioxide. Health risk and prevention of workers in an environment with chemical hazards in the air - V. Atanasova, E. Toseva

6. Hygienic requirements for the quality of drinking water and water supply - P. Gatseva, St. Harizanova

7. Decontamination of drinking water - evaluation indicators - P. Gatseva, St. Harizanova

8. Health control of food products. Health examination of milk - R. Vasileva-Zhelyazkova

LITERATURE

QUESTIONS FOR TEST ASSESSMENT OF STUDENTS' KNOWLEDGE OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENT - V. Atanasova, R. Vasileva-Zhelyazkova, St. Harizanova, E. Toseva, A. Jambov, P. Gatseva

 

QUESTIONS FOR TEST ASSESSMENT OF STUDENTS' KNOWLEDGE OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES - Ill. Stoineva