Textbook of Infectious Diseases
A textbook on infectious diseases was compiled by the members of the Department of Infectious Diseases, Parasitology and Tropical Medicine at MU-Sofia. It is in line with the "Infectious Diseases" curriculum of MU-Sofia and is intended for medical and dental students.
Contents:
Preface …………………………………………………………………………………………… …..15
Infection, infectious process, infectious disease
N. Yancheva-Petrova ……………………………………………………………………………. …..19
Factors for the development of the infectious process
and infectious disease
N. Yancheva-Petrova ……………………………………………………………………………………22
Clinical forms of the infectious disease
F. Tenchev, N. Yancheva-Petrova ……………………………………………………………….28
Classification of infectious diseases
N. Yancheva-Petrova ……………………………………………………………………………………30
Basic syndromes in infectious diseases
F. Tenchev, N. Yancheva-Petrova, V. Velev …………………………………………… …..31
Toxoinfectious syndrome.
F. Tenchev, N. Yancheva-Petrova ……………………………………………………………… …..31
Respiratory.syndrome..
N. Yancheva-Petrova ……………………………………………………………………………….34
Rash.syndrome..
N. Yancheva-Petrova ……………………………………………………………………………….35
Gastrointestinal.syndrome..
V. Velev …………………………………………………………………………………………………………37
Icterus.syndrome..
N. Yancheva-Petrova …………………………………………………………………………………….42
Hepatosplenomegaly syndrome.
N. Yancheva-Petrova …………………………………………………………………………………….46
Lympho-nodular syndrome.
N. Yancheva-Petrova …………………………………………………………………………………….48
Cranio-pharyngeal syndrome.
N. Yancheva-Petrova …………………………………………………………………………………….48
Meningo-radicular syndrome.
N. Yancheva-Petrova …………………………………………………………………………………….49
Hemorrhagic syndrome.
N. Yancheva-Petrova ……………………………………………………………………………….52
Sepsis
T. Valkov …………………………………………………………………………………………………….53
Diagnosis of infectious diseases
N. Yancheva-Petrova ……………………………………………………………………………. ….68
Etiological treatment of infectious diseases
N. Yancheva-Petrova ……………………………………………………………………………………76
Antibacterial drugs …………………………………………………….76
Antiviral drugs……………………………………………………………….. ….84
Antimycotics……………………………………………………………………………………87
Immunotherapy…………………………………………………………………………………….. ….90
Infections of the respiratory system
I. Ivanov, T. Valkov, R. Grozdeva, N. Yancheva-Petrova ………………………….97
Flu.
I. Ivanov ………………………………………………………………………………………………..97
Parainfluenza.
I. Ivanov ……………………………………………………………………………………………… ..108
Respiratory syncytial virus.
I. Ivanov ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… …112
Human metapneumovirus infections.
I. Ivanov ………………………………………………………………………………………………118
Adenoviral infections.
I. Ivanov ………………………………………………………………………………………………122
Rhinoviruses.
I. Ivanov ……………………………………………………………………………………………… ..128
Coronaviruses and COVID-19.
N. Yancheva-Petrova ……………………………………………………………………………..133
Whooping cough.
I. Ivanov ………………………………………………………………………………………………152
Diphtheria.
T. Valkov ………………………………………………………………………………………………..159
Scarlet fever.
T. Valkov ………………………………………………………………………………………………..172
Legionnaires.
R. Grozdeva ………………………………………………………………………………………………. ..186
Mycoplasma infections.
R. Grozdeva ………………………………………………………………………………………………. ..192
Chlamydial infections.
R. Grozdeva ………………………………………………………………………………………………. ..199
Bacterial skin infections and
the soft tissues
R. Chippewa ………………………………………………………………………………………………. ..216
Impetigo……………………………………………………………………………………………… ..217
Ecthyma……………………………………………………………………………………………….. ..220
Ecthyma. gangrenosum……………………………………………………………………221
Erysipelas…………………………………………………………………………………….. ..223
Erysipeloid………………………………………………………………………………. ..226
Erythrasma……………………………………………………………………………………. ..228
Cellulite……………………………………………………………………………………………… ..229
Folliculitis………………………………………………………………………………………………. ..234
Shedding Skin Syndrome (SSSS)…………………………………………. ..236
Erythema.exudativum.multiforme……………………………………………… ..238
Viral rash infections
N. Yancheva-Petrova ……………………………………………………………………………. ..243
Measles……………………………………………………………………………………………… ..243
Rubella………………………………………………………………………………………………. ..250
Varicella.and.herpes.zoster……………………………………………………………….. ..256
Smallpox………………………………………………………………………………………………. ..265
Monkey variola…………………………………………………………………………274
Sixth disease…………………………………………………………………………………….. ..281
Fifth disease…………………………………………………………………………………… ..285
Epidemic mumps
N. Yancheva-Petrova ……………………………………………………………………………. ..291
Infectious mononucleosis
T. Tomov ……………………………………………………………………………………………… ..297
Cytomegalovirus infection
N. Yancheva-Petrova ……………………………………………………………………………………308
Infections of the gastrointestinal tract
V. Velev, T. Valkov, I. Ivanov, N. Yancheva-Petrova …………………………. ..319
Salmonellosis.
V. Velev ………………………………………………………………………………………………. ..319
Typhoid..Paratyphoid.A,.B,.C.
V. Velev ………………………………………………………………………………………………. ..327
Food poisoning.
V. Velev, N. Yancheva-Petrova ……………………………………………………………… ..334
Botulism.
T. Valkov ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. ..338
Shigellosis.
V. Velev ………………………………………………………………………………………………. ..346
Colienteritis.
V. Velev …………………………………………………………………………………………………….351
Campylobacteriosis.
V. Velev ………………………………………………………………………………………………. ..356
Intestinal yersiniosis.
V. Velev, N. Yancheva-Petrova ………………………………………………………………..360
Antibiotic-associated colitis.
N. Yancheva-Petrova ………………………………………………………………………….366
Cholera.
N. Yancheva-Petrova ………………………………………………………………………….. ..372
Viral gastroenteritis
I. Ivanov ……………………………………………………………………………………………… ..383
Viral hepatitis
N. Yancheva-Petrova, D. Strashimirov ……………………………………………….389
Viral hepatitis A…………………………………………………………………………..389
Viral hepatitis B……………………………………………………………………….. ..394
Viral hepatitis C………………………………………………………………………………….409
Viral hepatitis D………………………………………………………………………….. ..416
Viral hepatitis E………………………………………………………………………… ..419
HIV infection and AIDS
N. Yancheva-Petrova ……………………………………………………………………………. ..424
Zoonoses
N. Kapincheva, T. Valkov …………………………………………………………………………. ..436
Tetanus.
T. Valkov ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. ..436
Anthrax.
N. Kapincheva ……………………………………………………………………………………………… ..443
Rabies.
T. Valkov ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. ..450
Plague.
N. Kapincheva ……………………………………………………………………………………………… ..456
Tularemia.
N. Kapincheva ……………………………………………………………………………………………… ..461
Leptospirosis.
N. Kapincheva ……………………………………………………………………………………………… ..467
Brucellosis.
N. Kapincheva ……………………………………………………………………………………………… ..472
Borreliosis
R. Yordanova ……………………………………………………………………………………………… ..478
Lyme disease…………………………………………………………………………………… ..478
Epidemic.relapsing.typhoid………………………………………………………………..484
Tick-borne typhus…………………………………………………………………….489
Rickettsioses
R. Yordanova ……………………………………………………………………………………………… ..492
Marseille.fever……………………………………………………………………………….. ..492
Epidemic. spotted. typhus……………………………………………………………… ..495
Endemic. (rat). spotted. typhus……………………………………………………498
Whooping cough
R. Grozdeva, N. Yancheva-Petrova ………………………………………………………………501
Viral hemorrhagic fevers
R. Yordanova ……………………………………………………………………………………………… …511
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever……………………………………………… …511
Hemorrhagic.fever.with.renal.syndrome…………………………………………515
Yellow.fever…………………………………………………………………………………… ..520
Dengue hemorrhagic fever……………………………………………………………… ..524
Marburg hemorrhagic fever…………………………………………………………. ..528
Lassa hemorrhagic fever……………………………………………………………………531
Hemorrhagic.fever.Ebola……………………………………………………………… ..535
Infections of the nervous system
N. Yancheva-Petrova, T. Valkov ……………………………………………………………… ..538
Viral.meningitis.and.meningoencephalitis.
T. Valkov ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. ..538
Polio.
T. Valkov ………………………………………………………………………………………………..551
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis.
T. Valkov, N. Yancheva-Petrova ……………………………………………………………. ..559
Bacterial meningitis and meningoencephalitis.
T. Valkov ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. ..564
Meningococcal disease...
Meningococcal. meningoencephalitis.
T. Valkov ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. ..578
Infections in immunocompromised patients
F. Tenchev ………………………………………………………………………………………………591
Infectious diseases during pregnancy.
Congenital infections
R. Chippewa ………………………………………………………………………………………………. ..599
Bibliography …………………………………………………………………………………….604
"Textbook of Infectious Diseases" is an in-depth research material intended to provide a rich variety of information and practical knowledge in the field of infectious diseases. This textbook is a valuable resource aimed at medical students, residents, physicians, and other health professionals seeking a comprehensive understanding of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of various infectious diseases.
At the beginning of the textbook, the basic principles of infectious diseases are presented, including their causative agents – bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites and agents of communicable diseases. Epidemiological aspects, factors of spread and methods of prevention are considered. This fundamental overview is essential for understanding the complex mechanisms of infectious processes.
Subsequent chapters focus on specific groups of infectious diseases, providing detailed knowledge of their etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, and treatment strategies. Bacterial infections, viral diseases, fungal infections and parasitic attacks are covered in great detail, including new trends in the emergence of drug resistance.
The textbook is updated with the latest scientific research and achievements in the field of infectious diseases. This approach ensures that students and professionals receive the information needed to understand contemporary challenges facing the health sector, such as new infectious diseases or the evolution of already known ones.
The textbook also examines diagnostic approaches to infectious diseases. From traditional methods such as microscopy and culture to more modern techniques such as molecular diagnostics and educational research, the textbook provides a comprehensive overview of the tools needed to accurately and rapidly identify infectious agents.
One of the key aspects of the textbook is the attention paid to the interaction between infectious diseases and the immune system. This aspect not only enriches students' understanding of the host-pathogen interaction, but also emphasizes the importance of immunology in controlling and fighting infections.
In conclusion, The Textbook of Infectious Diseases is a comprehensive source of knowledge for all those interested in medicine and health care. Combining theoretical foundations with contemporary trends and practical applications, the textbook not only prepares students for the various challenges in medical practice, but also develops their critical thinking and problem-solving skills in the field of infectious diseases.
